Base stations represent the main contributor to the energy consumption of a mobile cellular network. Since traffic load in mobile networks significantly varies during a working or weekend day, it is important to quantify the influence of these variations on the base station power consumption.
In recent years, many models for base station power con-sumption have been proposed in the literature. The work in proposed a widely used power consumption model, which explicitly shows the linear relationship between the power transmitted by the BS and its consumed power.
Furthermore, the base stations dominate the energy consumption of the radio access network. Therefore, it is reasonable to focus on the power consumption of the base stations first, while other aspects such as virtualization of compute in the 5G core or the energy consumption of user equipment should be considered at a later stage.
The largest energy consumer in the BS is the power amplifier, which has a share of around 65% of the total energy consumption . Of the other base station elements, significant energy consumers are: air conditioning (17.5%), digital signal processing (10%) and AC/DC conversion elements (7.5%) .
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The real data in terms of the power consumption and traffic load have been obtained from continuous measurements performed on a fully operated base station site.
The power consumption of the macrocell base station is thus 4.4 times higher than for the microcell base station due to the higher power consumption of its air conditioning, its …
The high-energy consumption and high construction density of 5G base stations have greatly increased the demand for backup energy storage batteries. To maximize overall …
This paper conducts a literature survey of relevant power consumption models for 5G cellular network base stations and provides a comparison of the models. It highlights …
The explosive growth of mobile data traffic has resulted in a significant increase in the energy consumption of 5G base stations (BSs). However, the existing energy conservation …
In addition, measurements, and calculations for the actual and theoretical energy consumption of each equivalent base station were done, and an extrapolated energy intensity per square …
The power consumption model for macro base stations is introduced, followed by the power consumption model for micro base stations. In Section 3 the parameters of the two …
Although base stations (BSs) are inherently energy-intensive, their energy consumption can be optimized by dynamically disabling certain hardware components based …
In today’s 5G era, the energy efficiency (EE) of cellular base stations is crucial for sustainable communication. Recognizing this, Mobile Network Operators are actively prioritizing EE for …
Abstract—The energy consumption of the fifth generation (5G) of mobile networks is one of the major concerns of the telecom industry. However, there is not currently an …
Base stations represent the main contributor to the energy consumption of a mobile cellular network. Since traffic load in mobile …
Notably, the power consumption of a gNB is very high, up to 3–4 times of the power consumption of a 4G base stations (BSs). The substantial quantity, rapid growth rate, and high …
Energy consumed in telecommunication base stations is a significant part of the cellular network energy footprint. Efficient energy use, renewable energy sources, and …
The first step when modeling the energy consumption of wireless communication systems is to derive models of the power consumption for the main system components, which …
Auxiliary equipment includes power supply equipment, monitoring and lighting equipment. The power supply equipment …
base on“base A on B”“BA” “Development and Application of Collaborative Design System based on Functional Module” …
To further explore the energy-saving potential of 5 G base stations, this paper proposes an energy-saving operation model for 5 G base stations that incorporates …
However, there is still a need to understand the power consumption behavior of state-of-the-art base station architectures, such as multi-carrier active antenna units (AAUs), …
To further develop energy modelling methodology and attempt to answer the questions presented in the previous section, different machine learning algorithm’s ability to predict energy …
Base stations represent the main contributor to the energy consumption of a mobile cellular network. Since traffic load in mobile networks significantly varies during a …
Abstract Base stations represent the main contributor to the energy consumption of a mobile cellular network. Since traffic load in mobile networks significantly varies during a working or …
This paper proposes a novel 5G base stations energy consumption modelling method by learning from a real-world dataset used in the ITU 5G Base Station Energy …
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